109-110年環境用藥藥效檢測技術開發及規範建立
The development and establishment of the guidelines for technical specifications of the environmental pesticides efficacy tests 2020-2021

本年度計畫目標為開發不同劑型之空間噴灑及殘效噴灑處理之藥效檢測新技術(室內外實地試驗)，建立其藥效檢測方法技術規範; 對已建立之環境用藥藥效檢測方法技術規範，進行適用性之試驗及檢討，作為「環境衛生用藥許可證登記防治性能之藥效檢測結果審查基準」公告之參考; 建立環境用藥新劑型藥效檢測方法技術規範，提供環境用藥申請、核發及管理之需要; 研析環境用藥殘留量環境採樣及檢驗標準作業流程與危害評估機制，防範與緩解化學物質對健康與環境之危害。 依據上述目標完成空間噴霧施藥方法處理不同劑型 (空間噴霧劑、超低容量劑、乳劑、油劑) 藥效檢測新技術開發並建立藥效檢測技術規範；以不同噴霧機具 (超低容量機及熱煙霧機) 進行超低容量劑、油劑及乳劑室內、外現場藥效檢測技術開發並建立藥效檢測技術規範；對106-108年已建立規範 (燻煙劑、煙霧劑、懸浮劑、粉劑及塊劑) 進行適用性之試驗及檢討，檢測結果燻煙劑煙霧劑以玻璃筒法檢測可適用於飛行性害蟲 (蚊類及蠅類) 及爬行性害蟲 (蟑螂及塵蟎) 之藥效檢測；懸浮劑以殘效接觸法檢測可適用於飛行性害蟲 (蚊類及蠅類) 及爬行性害蟲 (蟑螂及螞蟻) 之藥效檢測；粉劑以接觸法檢測可適用於爬行性害蟲 (蟑螂及螞蟻) 之藥效檢測；塊劑以浸浴法檢測可適用於飛行性害蟲 (蚊類幼蟲) 之藥效檢測，作為未來公告之參考；建立環境用藥液劑、餌劑對飛行性害蟲 (蠅類) 之藥效檢測方法技術規範；已研析29筆針對土壤、植物葉及空氣等途徑環境用藥殘留量，環境採樣及檢驗標準作業流程與危害評估機制之資料，防範與緩解化學物質對健康與環境之危害；編製環境用藥藥效檢測方法技術規範宣導手冊，提供藥效檢測單位檢測參考；及編製環境用藥藥效及抗藥性相關科普知識宣導摺頁，提供民眾對環境害蟲抗藥性之瞭解，並提升環境用藥之管理。計畫實際已完成進度100 %，符合期末報告100 % 要求。

The planned goals this year included developing a space spray and residual contact spray method of pesticides efficacy test technologies for different types of pesticide formulations and establishing the technical specifications of environmental pesticides efficacy tests (indoor and outdoor efficacy tests). The guidelines for technical specifications of the environmental pesticides efficacy tests have been established to test and review the applicability as a reference for the announcement of the "Environmental Pesticides Permit Registration and Control Performance Evaluation Standards for Efficacy Test Results". Establish the technical specifications of environmental pesticides efficacy tests for new types of pesticide formulations, and provide the applications of environmental pesticides products, approval, release, and management. Review references on environmental pesticides residues, environmental sampling and standard testing procedures, and hazard assessment mechanisms to prevent and reduce chemical hazards to health and the environment. We have developed a new pesticide efficacy test technology of space spray method, for different types of pesticide (aerosol dispenser, ultra-low volume, emulsion concentrate, and oil) and established the technical specifications of the environmental pesticides efficacy tests. Different sprayers (ultra-low volume sprayers and thermal fogger) have been used to develop indoor and outdoor the efficacy tests of environmental pesticides and to establish the technical specifications. These types (fumigator, smoke generator, suspension concentrate, powder, and brick) have been established technical specifications of the efficacy tests during 2017-2019, reviewed the applicability. According to the results, fumigants and aerosols can be applied to flying insects (mosquitoes and flies) and crawling insects (cockroaches and dust mites) by the glass column method, suspending agents can be applied to flying insects (mosquitoes and flies) and crawling insects (cockroaches and ants) by the residual contact method, the powder can be applied to crawling insects (cockroaches and ants) by the contact method, and brick formulations can be applied to flying insects (mosquito larvae) by the immersion method, which can all serve as a reference for future announcements. The technical specifications of the efficacy test of liquid and baits to flying insects (flies) have been established. We have reviewed 29 references on environmental pesticides residues in soil, plant leaves, and air, environmental sampling and standard testing procedures, and hazard assessment mechanisms to prevent and reduce chemical hazards to health and the environment. An advocacy manual of technical specifications of environmental pesticides efficacy test technology has also been prepared to provide guidelines to environmental pesticides efficacy test units. Moreover, leaflets of popular science knowledge about environmental pesticides efficacy and pesticide resistance have been developed to help people understand environmental pesticide resistance and to improve environmental pesticides management. The project is 100 % completed and met 100 % requirements of the final report.