化學物質後市場調查輔導與採樣檢測需求支援計畫
Project for analyzing and investigating Chemicals at postmarket

本計畫主要工作為執行毒性及關注化學物質運作用途及基線資料調查、強化化學物質採樣檢測技術、推動跨部會合作管理邊境化學物質及執行毒性及關注化學物質網路交易查核等四部分。首先毒性及關注化學物質運作用途及基線資料部分，本年度針對毒性及關注化學物質運作業者、進口含石綿及含汞貨品業者進行後市場調查輔導作業，其中毒性及關注化學物質運作業者共計50家，主要蒐集化學物質於製程使用樣態、用途、製造流程、反應式及製成之成品等項目，同時追蹤毒性及關注化學物質於廠內之生命週期及下游廠商分布情形，另配合環保許可整合政策輔導業者完備污染流向圖。50家業者總計使用587種化學物質於59項製程中，其中毒性化學物質55種、關注化學物質2種、一般化學物質530種，調查結果顯示，毒化物大量用於合成樹酯類產業中，作為聚合單體、溶劑、及各項添加劑等。關注化學物質中之氫氟酸可用於清潔金屬表面，或是作為製備烷基苯之觸媒。製程中使用毒化物作為原料，反應過程中未完全反應之毒化物，主要利用分餾將毒化物原料分離，分離後再送回原反應槽中循環使用，無法再利用之毒化物移送廠內廢水、廢棄物場處理。在調查進口含石綿業者部分，今年度以書面調查329家曾於108至110年度進口含石綿產品業者，逾60%業者實際上進口非石綿貨品，已同步輔導選擇正確之貨品分類號列；實屬進口含石綿貨品業者計46家，已蒐集替代品相關資訊並宣導改採功能相似物品，進而減少國內含石綿成品使用。另為從源頭管控含石綿貨品，協助研擬限制含石綿產品輸入草案，並協助辦理限制含石綿產品輸入研商會，徵詢業者意見。在調查進口含汞產品部分，限制含汞產品輸入於110年1月正式施行，進口含汞產品應向化學局申請簽審文件，目前僅1家業者提出申請，其產品為固態繼電器(SSR)，案件補件程序中，故尚無業者進口。在強化化學物質採樣檢測技術部分，已針對缺乏毒化物檢測方法之毒化物、擬公告為關注化學物質者及具檢測急迫性之化學物質進行相關資料蒐集，彙整研析國內外政府及可信機構公告之化學物質檢測方法後，進一步委由環境檢驗測定機構作可行性評估並給予修正建議，研提可供主管機關參據之標準檢驗方法。另已完成現地採樣25場次及300個樣品檢測，現地採樣包含邊境疑似毒性及關注化學物質採樣抽測作業及作業場所採樣抽測，檢測樣品包含一氧化二氮（笑氣）及其他配合主管機關需求辦理檢測之項目；另外採樣期間參考「環境檢驗品管分析執行指引（NIEA PA104）」、「化學物質檢測方法－有機類定性及定量分析法（NIEA T101.11C）、無機類定性及定量分析法（NIEA T102.11C）」 建立毒性及關注化學物質採樣及檢測品保品管標準作業程序及參考作業手冊，此外，本計畫以樣品累積基礎下，於110年10月29日向環檢所提出「化學物質採樣方法（NIEA T103.10B）」 認證申請。在推動跨部會合作管理邊境化學物質部分，協助擬定邊境採樣作業流程並針對現場桶槽及鋼瓶制定採樣程序，共計完成25場次邊境疑似毒性及關注化學物質採樣抽測作業，共採樣56個氣體樣品，其中查獲以其他氣體申報進口檢測結果為笑氣共計3場次6個氣體樣品；在建立毒性及關注化學物質圖譜資料，根據109年度毒化物列管運作情形篩選出較常使用之毒化物，使用B＆W Tek TacticID-1064 Handheld Raman Analyzer生產之手持式拉曼，完備環保署公告之毒性及關注化學物質達202種，並運用實驗室內較易取得之4種純溶劑 （試藥級）甲醇(Methanol)、丙酮(Acetone)‎、二氯甲烷(Dichloromethane)及正己烷(n-Hexane) 進行單一與混合溶劑快篩測試，測試結果顯示手持式拉曼可精準定性純溶劑或2種混合溶劑之樣品，進行3種或以上之混合溶劑之樣品易受到訊號強度較強之樣品干擾，造成不易判讀或無法檢出，綜合結果顯示，較為複雜之樣品均無法精準分析測得完整的主成分。在網路查核的部分，針對8個國內網路購物平台進行電子化檢索，建立關鍵字清單後進行電子化檢核341種毒化物、3種關注化學物質及即將預告之關注化學物質進行高風險商品篩選，並以人工進行複檢，共檢索出56,527筆風險名單，經人工判斷後提出疑慮商品計117件，經連繫平台後皆已完成下架。另今年8月20日公告硝酸銨及氫氟酸為關注化學物質，且自公告日起禁止於網購平台販售，故全面盤點網路販售硝酸銨及氫氟酸情形，已完成輔導41個網購平台58項商品於公告前下架或修正商品資訊。

This project focuses on four aspects, including usage survey and baseline data study of toxic and concerned chemical substances (TCS and CCS), enforcement of chemical sampling and testing technologies, promotion of inter-ministerial cooperation for border management, as well as implementation of TCS and CCS e-commerce inspection. First, for the usage survey and baseline data study of TCS and CCS, post-market inspection and consulting sessions for handlers of TCS and CCS, as well as importers of asbestos- and mercury-added products were conducted this year. From total 50 handlers of TCS and CCS, the data on use patterns, usage, manufacturing process, chemical reaction formulae and final articles of chemicals is gathered. The 50 handlers have used 587 chemical substances in 66 chemical processes, of which 55 are TCS, 2 are CCS and 530 are general chemical substances. The result shows a wide use of TCSs in synthetic resin industry as monomer, solvent, and a variety of additives. The CCS hydrofluoric acid can be used in cleaning metal surfaces or as catalyst for alkylbenzene production. TCSs are used mainly as reactant in chemical process, TCSs that are not completely reacted are seperated from starting material mainly with fractional distillation and then recycled back to original reactor tank. TCSs that cannot be recycled will be transferred to wastewater and waste storage inside of factories for treatment. For survey on importers of asbestos-added products, written survey was conducted for 329 importers who have imported asbestos-added products during 2019-2021. Over 72% of the importers have actually imported non-asbestos products and have received consultation on how to use correct c.c.c. code. 46 importers who have imported asbestos-added products have received information and promotion for alternatives to reduce domestic use of asbestos-added articles. In addition, for source control of asbestos-added products, this project has facilitated the draft of “Restriction on the Importing of Asbestos-Added Products” and conference for importers to gether their opinions. For survey on mercury-added products, the “Restriction on the Importing of Mercury-Added Products” was implemented in January 2021. Import approval visa documents granted by Toxic and Chemical Substances Bureau (TCSB) should be received before importation of mercury-added products, currently only one importer has applied for approval for SSR. The approval process still requires the applicant to provide sufficient documents, therefore until now there is no import of the aforementioned products. For reinforcement of sampling and testing technologies for chemical substances, this project has gathered information regarding TCSs without proper testing methods, chemical substances that will possibly be announced as CCS, as well as chemical substances showing urgency for testing methods. After comprehensive study of testing methods announced by domestic and international authorities and reliable institutes, the result was further evaluated for feasibility and amendments were put forward by authorized environmental analysis institutes to provide government authorities with standard testing methods as references. In addition, this project has performed 25 times of field sampling and 300 times of sample tests. Field sampling includes samples of chemicals suspected to be TCS and CCS from the border and workplaces. Testing samples include nitrous dioxide (laughing gas) and other items required by governemnt authorities. Moreover, taking “Execution Guidelines for Quality Control in Environmental Analysis (NIEA PA 104)” and “Testing and Analysis Methods for Chemical Substances - Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Organic Chemicals (NIEA T101.11C), Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Inorganic Chemicals (NIEA T102.11C)“ as references, this project has developed standard operating procedures and operation manuals for quality assurance and control in sampling and testing of TCS and CCS. In addition, based on sample accumulation, this project has applied to National Institute of Environmental Analysis for certification of “Samping Methods for Chemicals (NIEA T103.10B)” on 29, October 2021. For promotion of inter-ministerial cooperation for border management, this project has assisted in developing operating procedures for sampling on the border and for taking samples from gas tank/cylinder on site. 25 times of sampling for chemicals suspected to be TCS and CCS were performed on the border and 56 gas samples were collected, of which six samples (from three samplings) declared as other gases for import were seized. For building spectral libraries of TCS and CCS, most widely used TCSs based on handling data gathered in 2020 were analyzed using B＆W Tek TacticID-1064 Handheld Raman Analyzer. Spectral libraries of 202 TCSs and CCSs were collected and underwent rapid tests with single or mixure of four accessible solvents (reagent grade) from laboraories: Methanol, Acetone, Dichloromethans and n-Hexane. The result shows that the Handheld Raman Analyzer can accurately qualitize samples in one single solvent or mixture of two solvents, but samples in mixture of three or more solvents are prone to be interfered and therefore may not be interpreted or detected. Comprehensive result shows, main component in more complicated samples cannot be accurately analyzed. For e-commerce inspections, e-search was carried out across 8 domestic online shopping platforms. To screen products with high risk, a list of keywords is established, then online inspection of 341 TCSs, three CCS and CCSs to be announced were carried out electronically and double checked manually, resulted in a list of 56,527 products with risk, from which 117 suspecious products were verified manually. After informing platform operators, all of the products were removed and are no longer available. In addition, ammonium nitrate and hydrofluoric acid were announced as CCS on 20, August 2021 and the sale on e-commerce websites is banned as of the announcement day. Hence the online sales status of ammonium nitrate and hydrofluoric acid was checked and 58 products from 41 different e-commerce websites were removed or modified before the announement day.